Abstract：The key processes of the formation and evolution of oceanic lithosphere are how melts were extracted from asthenospheric mantle, then migrated and converged, and eventually formed the oceanic crust. Ophiolite may be targets for revealing these processes. Previous studies have suggested that the melts migrated and accumulated mainly alongthe vein-like dunite channels in the mantle. This type of channels, combined with magmatic systems within the crust-mantle transition zone and the oceanic crust, formed the giant melt plumbing system within the oceanic spreading center. When the melts derived from deep asthenospheric mantle flow through the dunite channels, complex interactions between melts and mantle would occur to have generated observable compositional variations between the migrating melts and the interacted lithospheric mantle, resulting in the compositional decoupling between oceanic lithospheric crust and mantle. Within different oceanic spreading centers, the melt migration manners and processes within the mantle are various, leading to the complexity and variation of the structure and composition of oceanic lithosphere. The Yarlung Zangbo (YZ) ophiolites in Tibet of China formed in various tectonic settings (e.g., mid-ocean ridges, subduction zones). The relatively fresh dunite channel samples, such as dunite, chromitite and pyroxenite, have been observed within the YZ ophiolitic mantle. The studies of these samples can provide new windows for deeply investigating the genesis of mantle dunite channels, the melt reaction and migration processes within the channels and the reasons for the compositional decoupling or not between oceanic crust and mantle formed within different tectonic regimes. Studies of these samples are also helpful to better understand the giant magmatic-dynamic system under the oceanic spreading center, the differentiation of crust and mantle, and the mass cycling processes within the Earth.
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